Diamond tools are presented on the market in great variety in design, form, applicable diamonds, purpose, etc.
To make sense of all different options and to choose the correct tool, it is necessary to know several criteria characterizing the diamond tools.
SPECIFICATION OF DIAMOND POWDERS
Diamond powder used in the tools can be evaluated by two main parameters: grit and hardness. These indicators are regulated by corresponding government and international standards.
Grit size
Depending on the size of crystal grains and their production method, the diamond powders are divided into three groups:
• grinding powders (grit size from 2500 to 40 μm)
• micro powders (grit size from 60 to 1 μm)
• sub micro powers (grit size from 1 to 0.1 μm and smaller)
* 1 mm = 1000 μm
Hardness
Compressive strength of the diamonds (static hardness) is determined by the load, under which a single crystal is destroyed. In the CIS standards, designation of diamond powder includes an average hardness for a given brand of diamonds. Some manufacturers have other designation systems, but usually the higher the assigned number – the harder the diamond. Diamond polishing powders, depending on the kind of raw material from which they are pro-duced, are coded by letter indexes:
• A (from natural diamonds)
• AC (from synthetic diamonds)
• AP (from synthetic polycrystalline diamonds)
• Diamond micropowders and submicropowders depending on the raw materials from which they were produces, are coded be letter indexes:
• AM (from natural diamonds)
• CAM (from synthetic diamonds)When referring to micropowders from natural and synthetic diamonds with higher abrasive properties, index M is replaced by index H. Diamond micropowders and submicropowders are used for production of special diamond pastes, suspensions, polishing tools and other finishing tasks.
Relative concentration
This indicator characterizes quantitative content of diamonds in the tool. In 100% relative con-centration, diamonds make up 1/4 part of the volume of diamond layer of the tool. Thus, for 1 sm3 of diamond layer accounts for 4.4 carats of diamonds (1 carat = 0.2 grams).In addition to the static hardness, dynamic hardness and thermal conductivity are also import-ant characteristics in determining performance ability of diamond crystals.
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